Animals in Lebanon

Lebanon’s wildlife reflects the ecological richness of the Levant, where mountain forests, coastal plains, and marine zones intersect within a compact territory. Despite increasing urbanization, many native species still find refuge in the country's varied habitats — from wooded hills in the Mount Lebanon range to offshore waters teeming with marine life. Its fauna, though often overlooked, plays a vital role in preserving the region’s natural balance and cultural identity tied to the land.

The gray wolf is often cited as Lebanon’s national animal, a designation that highlights both its enduring presence in local lore and its ecological importance. Though elusive, wolves have historically roamed Lebanon’s mountains and forests, symbolizing strength, loyalty, and a wild spirit. While not officially recognized in law, its frequent appearance in stories and symbolism anchors it as a natural emblem of resilience and independence.

Although Lebanon is not widely known for dangerous wildlife, certain species can pose threats under specific conditions. Wild boars, for example, may become aggressive if cornered or defending their young in forested regions. Offshore, hammerhead sharks inhabit the Mediterranean waters and, while attacks are extremely rare, caution is advised for divers and fishermen. Understanding animal behavior and respecting natural habitats remains key to safe coexistence.

Lebanon’s most emblematic wildlife may not always make international headlines, but its fauna includes a mix of terrestrial predators and coastal species that contribute to the region’s ecological identity. As new data emerges and awareness grows, the list of Lebanon’s top species will evolve — shaped not only by biology, but also by cultural relevance and visibility within the national landscape.